![]() ![]() It is used as an immunosuppressive drug, given by injection in the treatment of severe allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis and angioedema, in place of prednisolone in patients needing steroid treatment but unable to take oral medication, and perioperatively in patients on long-term steroid treatment to prevent an adrenal crisis. Hydrocortisone is the pharmaceutical term for cortisol used in oral administration, intravenous injection, or topical application. In 2020, it was the 149th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Hydrocortisone was patented in 1936 and approved for medical use in 1941. Hydrocortisone is a glucocorticoid and works as an anti-inflammatory and by immune suppression. It is unclear if it is safe for use during pregnancy. With long-term use common side effects include osteoporosis, upset stomach, physical weakness, easy bruising, and candidiasis (yeast infections). Side effects may include mood changes, increased risk of infection, and edema (swelling). Stopping treatment after long-term use should be done slowly. ![]() It can be given by mouth, topically, or by injection. It is the treatment of choice for adrenocortical insufficiency. Uses include conditions such as adrenocortical insufficiency, adrenogenital syndrome, high blood calcium, thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatitis, asthma, and COPD. Hydrocortisone is the name for the hormone cortisol when supplied as a medication. ![]()
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